Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 9 – Coordination Compounds Notes (With Important Diagrams)
🧪 Chapter 9: Coordination Compounds – Class 12 Chemistry Notes --- 🔍 Introduction Coordination compounds are chemical compounds composed of a central metal atom/ion bonded to surrounding ligands through coordinate bonds. These compounds play a crucial role in biological systems, industrial catalysis, and analytical chemistry. --- 📌 Important Terms and Definitions Coordination Entity: Central metal atom/ion bonded to a fixed number of ligands. Ligands: Ions or molecules that donate a pair of electrons to the metal. Monodentate: Donates one pair (e.g., Cl⁻, NH₃). Bidentate: Donates two pairs (e.g., ethylenediamine). Polydentate: Donates more than two pairs (e.g., EDTA⁴⁻). Coordination Number: Number of ligand donor atoms attached to central metal. Chelate Complex: Complex formed by polydentate ligands. Coordination Sphere: Part of complex enclosed in square brackets. --- 🧲 Types of Ligands Type Examples Monodentate Cl⁻, CN⁻, NH₃ Bidentate C₂O₄²⁻ (oxalate), en Polydentate EDTA⁴⁻ --- ...